{"id":25000,"date":"2026-01-27T09:12:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-27T08:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/pendant-lintervention\/"},"modified":"2026-02-12T09:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-12T08:45:12","slug":"during-surgery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/en\/during-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"During surgery"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"25000\" class=\"elementor elementor-25000 elementor-23875\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6041c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cd6041c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b9d927 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4b9d927\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;laptop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a61605e elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"a61605e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Layer_1\" data-name=\"Layer 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\"><path d=\"m24,12c0,.552-.447,1-1,1h-2.466c-.452,0-.849.305-.966.74l-1.677,6.242c-.191.625-.725,1.018-1.341,1.018h-.017c-.623-.007-1.155-.415-1.324-1.014l-3.274-13.226-3.178,11.239c-.191.597-.69.976-1.28.999-.612.033-1.119-.315-1.345-.862l-1.6-4.474c-.143-.396-.521-.663-.942-.663H1c-.553,0-1-.448-1-1s.447-1,1-1h2.591c1.264,0,2.398.799,2.825,1.989l.938,2.626,3.284-11.615c.201-.625.727-1.027,1.361-1,.618.011,1.146.418,1.315,1.012l3.259,13.166,1.062-3.956c.351-1.308,1.542-2.222,2.897-2.222h2.466c.553,0,1,.448,1,1Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2f2c28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2f2c28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"\/en\/your-surgery\/\">Your Surgery<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-def43c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"def43c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">During surgery<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e23c57c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e23c57c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f31c88b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f31c88b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;laptop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:100,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9b35ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b9b35ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Navigation<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b83af3 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6b83af3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/how-the-heart-works\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Layer_1\" data-name=\"Layer 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"m23,5.005s-.746-.009-1.091,0c-1.177.002-2.237.08-3.191.212-.132-.418-.302-.804-.52-1.147l1.102-1.47c.332-.442.242-1.069-.2-1.4-.441-.331-1.067-.241-1.399.2l-.953,1.271c-.509-.292-1.093-.495-1.747-.594v-1.077c0-.552-.447-1-1-1s-1,.448-1,1v1.076c-.685.099-1.304.301-1.872.564l-.796-1.194c-.306-.459-.926-.584-1.387-.277-.46.306-.584.927-.277,1.387l.77,1.155c-1.263,1.056-2.075,2.352-2.503,3.159C6.447,2.3,3.056.391,1.196.02.658-.087.135.26.023.799c-.111.539.237,1.066.774,1.181.168.035,4.005.918,4.185,5.682-1.769.983-2.983,2.965-2.983,5.248,0,5.074,4.232,9.456,10.533,10.904.545.125,1.055.188,1.535.188.609,0,1.17-.101,1.693-.303,3.112-1.206,4.739-5.54,4.738-9.198,0-2.347-.66-4.395-1.213-5.699-.143-.335-.275-.791-.1-1.053.18-.269.809-.7,2.98-.743h.832c.553,0,1-.448,1-1s-.447-1-1-1Zm-11.523,3.394c-.815-.558-1.636-.933-2.441-1.158.812-1.296,2.446-3.241,4.965-3.241,1.412,0,2.332.539,2.753,1.602-2.847.726-4.462,1.956-5.276,2.797Zm3.563,13.434c-.554.213-1.226.222-2.06.031-5.287-1.215-8.98-4.897-8.98-8.955,0-2.156,1.57-3.909,3.5-3.909.905,0,1.96.433,3.015,1.189-.051,1.024-.474,3.194-3.002,4.604-.482.269-.655.878-.386,1.36.183.329.523.513.874.513.165,0,.332-.041.486-.126,3.36-1.874,3.951-4.794,4.023-6.262,0,0,.001,0,.001-.001.014-.024,1.111-1.784,4.638-2.712-.097.525-.054,1.193.296,2.017.48,1.134,1.054,2.907,1.055,4.919,0,3.415-1.487,6.567-3.46,7.332Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">How the heart works<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/before-surgery\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Layer_1\" height=\"512\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"512\" data-name=\"Layer 1\"><path d=\"m24 9a3 3 0 1 0 -4 2.816v4.184a6 6 0 0 1 -12 0v-.08a7.006 7.006 0 0 0 6-6.92v-4a5.006 5.006 0 0 0 -5-5 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 0 0 1 3 3v4a5 5 0 0 1 -10 0v-4a3 3 0 0 1 3-3 1 1 0 0 0 0-2 5.006 5.006 0 0 0 -5 5v4a7.006 7.006 0 0 0 6 6.92v.08a8 8 0 0 0 16 0v-4.184a3 3 0 0 0 2-2.816zm-3 1a1 1 0 1 1 1-1 1 1 0 0 1 -1 1z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Before Surgery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/during-surgery\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Layer_1\" data-name=\"Layer 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\"><path d=\"m24,12c0,.552-.447,1-1,1h-2.466c-.452,0-.849.305-.966.74l-1.677,6.242c-.191.625-.725,1.018-1.341,1.018h-.017c-.623-.007-1.155-.415-1.324-1.014l-3.274-13.226-3.178,11.239c-.191.597-.69.976-1.28.999-.612.033-1.119-.315-1.345-.862l-1.6-4.474c-.143-.396-.521-.663-.942-.663H1c-.553,0-1-.448-1-1s.447-1,1-1h2.591c1.264,0,2.398.799,2.825,1.989l.938,2.626,3.284-11.615c.201-.625.727-1.027,1.361-1,.618.011,1.146.418,1.315,1.012l3.259,13.166,1.062-3.956c.351-1.308,1.542-2.222,2.897-2.222h2.466c.553,0,1,.448,1,1Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">During Surgery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/after-surgery\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Layer_1\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" data-name=\"Layer 1\"><path d=\"m3.899 16.187c-2.465-2.871-3.774-5.663-3.89-8.301-.024-.552.403-1.019.955-1.043.555-.017 1.019.404 1.043.955.096 2.18 1.243 4.563 3.41 7.086.359.419.312 1.05-.107 1.41-.417.358-1.049.313-1.41-.107zm4.101 3.813h-1v-1c0-.553-.447-1-1-1s-1 .447-1 1v1h-1c-.553 0-1 .447-1 1s.447 1 1 1h1v1c0 .553.447 1 1 1s1-.447 1-1v-1h1c.553 0 1-.447 1-1s-.447-1-1-1zm-7-16h1v1c0 .552.447 1 1 1s1-.448 1-1v-1h1c.553 0 1-.448 1-1s-.447-1-1-1h-1v-1c0-.552-.447-1-1-1s-1 .448-1 1v1h-1c-.553 0-1 .448-1 1s.447 1 1 1zm22 7h-1v-1c0-.552-.447-1-1-1s-1 .448-1 1v1h-1c-.553 0-1 .448-1 1s.447 1 1 1h1v1c0 .553.447 1 1 1s1-.447 1-1v-1h1c.553 0 1-.448 1-1s-.447-1-1-1zm-11-2.5c.553 0 1-.448 1-1 0-1.311.569-2.553 1.563-3.41 1.008-.869 2.3-1.238 3.634-1.038 2.053.305 3.57 1.932 3.778 4.048.054.549.536.958 1.093.897.55-.054.951-.543.897-1.093-.294-2.998-2.545-5.396-5.474-5.832-1.895-.277-3.801.266-5.234 1.501-.496.427-.912.925-1.253 1.466-.613-.976-1.485-1.791-2.56-2.338-.49-.252-1.095-.054-1.345.438s-.054 1.094.438 1.345c1.519.773 2.462 2.311 2.462 4.014 0 .552.447 1 1 1zm5.337 7.735c-1.018 1.033-2.167 2.056-3.513 3.125-.526.419-1.157.64-1.824.64-.553 0-1 .447-1 1s.447 1 1 1c1.107 0 2.197-.381 3.068-1.073 1.41-1.12 2.618-2.196 3.694-3.289.387-.394.382-1.026-.012-1.414s-1.026-.382-1.414.012z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">After Surgery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dcf4b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7dcf4b5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-575aaba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"575aaba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"373\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-1024x373.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23884\" alt=\"pendant intervention chirurgie\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-1024x373.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-300x109.jpg 300w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-768x280.jpg 768w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-1536x560.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7979474 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7979474\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"coronary-artery-bypass-graft\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3f4ef2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3f4ef2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Surgical technique: coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-568f69d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"568f69d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe heart arteries, called coronary arteries, may be narrowed or clogged by calcium or cholesterol deposits. This disease, known as atherosclerosis, is not heart-specific; it can affect any of the body\u2019s arteries. It is caused by smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, stress, and genetic predisposition.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-672f058 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"672f058\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-906e481 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"906e481\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bb34b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0bb34b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"319\" height=\"195\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/artere-coronaire.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23889\" alt=\"Art\u00e8re coronaire\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/artere-coronaire.jpg 319w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/artere-coronaire-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c706d6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3c706d6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc0f669 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bc0f669\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"236\" height=\"226\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pontage-coronaire.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23892\" alt=\"Pontage coronaire\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9bf75 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b9bf75\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00262b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00262b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Coronary arteries narrowed or clogged by arteriosclerosis are unable to pump enough blood to the heart during physical exertion, causing chest pain known as angina. In extreme cases, the artery becomes blocked, leading to myocardial infarction \u2013 a heart attack.<\/p><p>As its name suggests, coronary bypass surgery bypasses the narrowed passages to improve the blood supply upstream from the blockage. It can be performed on any coronary artery of sufficient diameter. Bypasses are most commonly performed on the anterior interventricular artery, the circumflex artery, and the right coronary artery.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ceadc3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ceadc3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04c0cd6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"04c0cd6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a07ea7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a07ea7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"173\" height=\"156\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/greffons-utilises.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22165\" alt=\"Greffons utilis\u00e9s\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14360b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14360b6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc71329 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fc71329\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"212\" height=\"238\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pontage-coronaire-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22166\" alt=\"Pontage coronaire\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-938da66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"938da66\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2782e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2782e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nCoronary bypass involves grafting a section of a blood vessel, called a conduit, from elsewhere in the body, to supply blood upstream from the occluded arteries. The conduit must be easy to harvest, and neither too large nor too small. It also must be an accessory artery, to prevent causing any tissue damage.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-867aa34 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"867aa34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a59bbf2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a59bbf2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56a4e79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"56a4e79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Internal thoracic artery (ITA)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-153cc07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"153cc07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe internal thoracic artery (sometimes called the internal mammary artery), found under the chest wall, is the most suitable blood vessel for coronary artery bypass grafts. Since there is a left and a right internal thoracic artery, at least two coronary grafts may be harvested from this arterial system.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a4f551 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4a4f551\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-680712d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"680712d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac15a87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac15a87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Great saphenous vein (GSV)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d09d1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d09d1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe great saphenous vein, located in the legs, may be harvested for other grafts.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-859459b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"859459b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"448\" height=\"279\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/veine-saphene-interne.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22169\" alt=\"La veine saph\u00e8ne interne\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/veine-saphene-interne.jpg 448w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/veine-saphene-interne-300x187.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a68587 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6a68587\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2087a14 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2087a14\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"bypass-internal-thoracic-artery\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fac9c76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fac9c76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bypass using the internal thoracic artery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c4e790 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c4e790\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe internal thoracic artery (ITA) is severed from the chest wall without touching its origin on the sub-clavian artery. The ITA is then attached, or \u00ab anastomosed \u00bb, to the coronary artery beyond the occluded section.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85bdab2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"85bdab2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac8c6e0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ac8c6e0\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"bypass-saphenous-vein\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cdc1d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cdc1d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bypass using the saphenous vein<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0752249 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0752249\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b64eee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b64eee\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76fdb23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76fdb23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe saphenous vein is harvested from the leg. One end is attached to the coronary artery beyond the blockage or narrowing, and the other end is attached to the aorta. The surgeon therefore does not touch the damaged section of the coronary artery. The surgeon sutures the bypass on either end of the affected area using very fine instruments and thread, and magnification devices called loupes.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d0217 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"31d0217\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-015fbf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"015fbf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"209\" height=\"207\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pontage-saphene.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22171\" alt=\"Le pontage saph\u00e8ne\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pontage-saphene.jpg 209w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pontage-saphene-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 209px) 100vw, 209px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-998b167 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"998b167\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-566c27b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"566c27b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff5d8ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff5d8ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Types of valves<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96162e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96162e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mechanical valves are made from pyrolytic carbon and last indefinitely, but require lifelong treatment with blood thinners (anticoagulants). They are most often used in patients under age 65.<\/p><p>Tissue valves are taken from animals, and can deteriorate after 10 to 15 years. No blood thinner is required. They are most often used in patients over age 65.<\/p><p>All of these artificial heart valves require excellent oral hygiene to prevent any mouth germs from entering the bloodstream and affixing to the implanted valve, causing inflammation known as endocarditis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40e48e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"40e48e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"614\" height=\"334\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/differents-types-valves.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22174\" alt=\"Les diff\u00e9rents types de valves\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/differents-types-valves.jpg 614w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/differents-types-valves-300x163.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5453a2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f5453a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8887fbd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8887fbd\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"aortic-valve-surgery\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92bf34e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"92bf34e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aortic valve surgery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ec1482 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ec1482\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nThe aortic valve lying at the exit of a patient\u2019s left ventricle may hinder blood flow if it has become fibrotic or calcified. This disease is known as aortic valve stenosis. If the valve keeps blood from being properly pumped out, it must be replaced by an artificial valve which may take the form of a mechanical valve (made of pyrolytic carbon) or a tissue valve harvested from an animal (bioprosthesis).\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33bb6c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"33bb6c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ede1aaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ede1aaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"439\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-cardiaque-1024x439.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22178\" alt=\"Pendant l&#039;intervention d&#039;une chirurgie cardiaque\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-cardiaque-1024x439.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-cardiaque-300x129.jpg 300w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-cardiaque-768x329.jpg 768w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie-cardiaque.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23c97d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"23c97d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c126ae8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c126ae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"ascending-aorta-surgery\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ascending aorta surgery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6531a4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6531a4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nSometimes the aorta above the aortic valve is dilated, with a risk of rupture. Ascending aorta surgery is performed to replace the aortic valve and wall with a Dacron tube containing an artificial Bentall valve. The coronary arteries are re-implanted in this tube. In some cases, the aortic valve can be kept during this surgery.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e520e17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e520e17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"377\" height=\"130\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/chirurgie-aorte-ascendante.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22179\" alt=\"Chirurgie de l\u2019aorte ascendante\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/chirurgie-aorte-ascendante.jpg 377w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/chirurgie-aorte-ascendante-300x103.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e158335 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e158335\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-772dd75 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"772dd75\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"mitral-valve-surgery\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2f8f85 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f2f8f85\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0bb6bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b0bb6bd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cd9bdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4cd9bdd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitral valve surgery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc65813 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc65813\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe mitral valve between the left atrium and left ventricle can deteriorate, leading to valve leakage, known as incompetence or regurgitation, or to stenosis. Very often, surgery can repair this valve so it can be kept. However, sometimes the lesions are too extensive and the valve must be replaced by a mechanical or tissue valve.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050e0cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"050e0cd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-398895c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"398895c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"239\" height=\"168\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/chirurgie-valve-mitrale.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22180\" alt=\"Chirurgie de la valve mitrale\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94f5d2c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"94f5d2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13ffc15 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13ffc15\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"atrial-fibrilation-surgery\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcba6e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dcba6e3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14af83b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14af83b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54035d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54035d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Atrial fibrillation surgery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98def9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98def9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The heart has an autonomous rhythm that originates in one source in the right atrium (sinoatrial node) and travels down to the ventricle. When the atria are dilated, the heartbeat can originate from several ectopic triggers at once, becoming irregular and chaotic. This is known as atrial fibrillation. When this happens, the heart cannot do its job properly.<\/p><p>Heart surgery can be performed to attempt to correct this heartbeat irregularity. It involves creating a pattern of lesions on the atrium walls (using radiofrequency or ultrasound) to block abnormal electrical impulses and re-establish the normal sinoatrial rhythm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7e43e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d7e43e3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd8857e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bd8857e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"476\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chirurgie-de-la-fibrillation-auriculaire.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23922\" alt=\"Chirurgie de la fibrillation auriculaire\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chirurgie-de-la-fibrillation-auriculaire.jpg 312w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chirurgie-de-la-fibrillation-auriculaire-197x300.jpg 197w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03f7528 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"03f7528\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70c2880 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70c2880\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c721a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2c721a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cardiopulmonary bypass<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76a5b25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76a5b25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>During heart surgery, a form of extracorporeal circulation, known as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), can be required to take over the functions of the heart and lungs. A heart-lung machine oxygenates the blood and continues to pump it throughout the body.<\/p><p>Cardiopulmonary bypass is compulsory during valve surgery, since the heart must be opened. It is also preferable during coronary surgery, since the suturing of the coronary arteries is painstaking work, and best performed on a heart that is not beating. It is sometimes possible to attach artery grafts to a beating heart without the use of a heart-lung machine. Called off-pump surgery, this technique requires special conditions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9048db9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9048db9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"246\" src=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/circulation-extra-corporelle.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22184\" alt=\"La circulation extra-corporelle\" srcset=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/circulation-extra-corporelle.jpg 466w, http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/circulation-extra-corporelle-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2daff8e elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2daff8e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-188f9d1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"188f9d1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d718d8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5d718d8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8beb4 elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-start e-transform elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"3a8beb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:-5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/before-surgery\/\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Before Surgery\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Outline\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\"><path d=\"M19,11H9l3.29-3.29a1,1,0,0,0,0-1.42,1,1,0,0,0-1.41,0l-4.29,4.3A2,2,0,0,0,6,12H6a2,2,0,0,0,.59,1.4l4.29,4.3a1,1,0,1,0,1.41-1.42L9,13H19a1,1,0,0,0,0-2Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/before-surgery\/\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBefore Surgery\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3309264 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3309264\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-410a5dd elementor-view-stacked elementor-position-inline-end e-transform elementor-shape-circle elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"410a5dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/after-surgery\/\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"After Surgery\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Outline\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\"><path d=\"M18,12h0a2,2,0,0,0-.59-1.4l-4.29-4.3a1,1,0,0,0-1.41,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1.42L15,11H5a1,1,0,0,0,0,2H15l-3.29,3.29a1,1,0,0,0,1.41,1.42l4.29-4.3A2,2,0,0,0,18,12Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/after-surgery\/\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAfter Surgery\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your Surgery During surgery Navigation How the heart works Before Surgery During Surgery After Surgery Surgical technique: coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) The heart arteries, called coronary arteries, may be narrowed or clogged by calcium or cholesterol deposits. This disease, known as atherosclerosis, is not heart-specific; it can affect any of the body\u2019s arteries. It [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-25000","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>During surgery - Dr Claude Vaislic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"During the procedure, follow the procedure of cardiac surgery and the medical techniques used to ensure safety and effectiveness.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/en\/during-surgery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"During surgery - Dr Claude Vaislic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"During the procedure, follow the procedure of cardiac surgery and the medical techniques used to ensure safety and effectiveness.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/en\/during-surgery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dr Claude Vaislic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-02-12T08:45:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pendant-intervention-chirurgie.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/en\/during-surgery\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/drclaudevaislic.com\/en\/during-surgery\/\",\"name\":\"During surgery - 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